Population of village R = 32000 (given).

Let the population of village Y be y.

Then, 16 : 15 = 32000 : y     y =		15 x 32000		= 30000.
		16

Population of village Y below poverty line = 52% of 30000 = 15600.

Let N be the total population of all the seven villages.

Then, population of village T below poverty line = 46% of (21% of N)

and Population of villages Z below the poverty line = 42% of (11% of N)

Required ratio =	46% of (21% of N)	=	46 x 21	= 23/11.
	42% of (11 % of N)		42 x 11

Let the population of village X be x.

Then, 38% of x = 12160     x =	12160 x 100	= 32000.
	38

Now, if s be the population of village S, then

16 : 11 = 32000 : s         s =		11 x 3200		= 22000.
		16

Population of village Y in 1997 = 30000 (given).

Let the population of village V in 1997 be v.

Then, 15 : 10 = 30000 : v         v =	30000 x 10	= 20000.
	15

Now, population of village V in 1998 = 20000 + (10% of 20000) = 22000.

Population of village V below poverty line in 1998 = 58% of 22000 = 12760.