Let the total expenditures be Rs. x.

Then, the expenditure on Research and Development (R & D)

    = Rs. (5% of x)

= Rs.		5	x x
		100

= Rs.		x		.
		20

Ratio of the total expenditure to the expenditure on R & D

=		x
		x/20

=		20		.
		1

Then, the total expenditure is 20 times the expenditure of Research and Development.

Let the total expenditure be Rs. x crores.

Then, 15% of x = 2.10         x =		2.10 x 100		= 14.
		15

Total expenditure = Rs. 14 crores

and so, the difference between the expenditures on transport and taxes

    = Rs. [(12.5 - 10)% of 14] crores

    = Rs. [2.5% of 14] crores

    = Rs. 0.35 crores

    = Rs. 35 lakhs

Let the total amount of expenditures be Rs. x.

Then, the total expenditure on infrastruture and transport

    = Rs. [(20 + 12.5)% of x]

    = Rs. [32.5% of x]

= Rs.		32.5x
		100

and total expenditure on taxes and interest on loans

    = Rs. [(10 + 17.5)% of x]

    = Rs. [27.5% of x]

= Rs.		27.5x
		100

Required ratio =		32.5x/100		=	13	.
		27.5x/100			11

Let the total expenditure be Rs. x crores.

Then, 17.5% of x = 2.45         x = 14.

Total expenditure = Rs. 14 crores.

and so, the total expenditure on advertisement, taxes and Research and Development

    = Rs. [(15 + 10 + 5)% of 14] crores

    = Rs. [30% of 14] crores

    = Rs. 4.2 crores.

Let the total amount of expenditures be Rs. x.

Then, the expenditure on interest on loans = Rs. (17.5% of x) = Rs.		17.5	x
		100

and the expenditure on transport = Rs. (12.5% of x) = Rs.		12.5	x		.
		100

Difference between the two expenditures	= Rs. 17.5x - 12.5x 100 100
	= Rs. 5x 100

and so, the required percentage =		5x/100	x 100		% = 40%.
		12.5x/100