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11. 

The transport layer protocol is connectionless.
A. NVT
B. FTP
C. TCP
D. UDP
E. None of the above
12. 

The fundamental requirements of private-to-public network interconnection methods which need to be provided in gateways is/are
A. universal accessibility for private network Data Terminal Equipment (DTE)
B. adequate cost control mechanisms for administration of the private networks
C. to assign address to private network DTEs
D. a and b both
E. None of the above
13. 

Communication between computers is almost always
A. serial
B. parallel
C. series parallel
D. direct
E. None of the above
14. 

Which of the following is considered a broadband communications channel?
A. coaxial cable
B. fiber optic cable
C. microwave circuits
D. satellites systems
E. All of the above
15. 

Data link layer retransmits the damaged frames in most networks. If the probability of a frame's being damaged is p, what is the mean number of transmissions required to send a frame if acknowledgements are never lost.
A. P I (K + 1)
B. KIK (1 + F)
C. 1/ (1 - F)
D. K I (K - P)
E. None of the above