1. Laws of Indices:

    1. am x an = am + n

    2. am = am - n
      an

    3. (am)n = amn

    4. (ab)n = anbn

    5. a n = an
      b bn

    6. a0 = 1

  2. Surds:

    Let a be rational number and n be a positive integer such that a(1/n) = a

    Then, a is called a surd of order n.

  3. Laws of Surds:

    1. a = a(1/n)

    2. ab = a x b

    3. = a
      b

    4. (a)n = a

    5. (a)m = am