The Math.random() method returns a double value with a positive sign, greater than or equal to 0.0 and less than 1.0

Statement (4) describes an example of the equals() method behaving transitively. By the way, x, y,and z will all be the same type of wrapper. Statement (5) is true because x and y are referring to the same String object.

Statement (1) is incorrect—the fragment will compile. Statement (2) is incorrect because x == y means that the two reference variables are referring to the same object. Statement (3) will only be true if x and y refer to the same String. It is possible for x and y to refer to two different String objects with the same value.

The casting to an int is a smokescreen. Use a process of elimination to answer this question:

Option D is the correct answer, it is syntathecially correct and will consistently return a value less than d.

Option A and B are wrong because both the min() and max() methods require 2 arguments whereas here they are passed only one parameter.

Option C is wrong because it could return a value greater than d (if d was negative).

(2) and (3) are correct. The result range for random() is 0.0 to < 1.0; 1.0 is not in range.